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Jin dynasty (1115–1234)
The Jin dynasty (Jurchen: Anchun Gurun; , ); Manchu: Aisin Gurun; Khitan language: Nik, Niku;〔(关于契丹小字中的 “金” )〕〔(天朝万顺(岁)”臆解可以休矣 )〕 (モンゴル語:Altan Ulus); 1115–1234), officially the Great Jin (), also known as the Jurchen dynasty, was founded by the Wanyan clan of the Jurchen people, the ancestors of the Manchu people who established the Qing dynasty some 500 years later. The name is sometimes written as Kin to differentiate it from an earlier Jìn dynasty of China whose name is identically spelled using the Latin alphabet.
The Jurchen tribes were united by the chieftain and later first Jin emperor, Wanyan Aguda, who overthrew the Khitan Liao dynasty. During the reign of Aguda's successor, the Jin declared war against the Song dynasty and conquered much of northern China. The Song were forced to flee south of Yangtze River. The Jin dynasty fell after their defeat against the rising Mongol Empire, a steppe confederation that had formerly been a Jurchen vassal.
== Name ==
(詳細はZhao 2006 ), p. 7.〕 Non-Han rulers expanded the definition of "China" to include non-Han peoples in addition to Han people, whenever they ruled China.〔(Zhao 2006 ), p. 6.〕 Yuan, Jin, and Northern Wei documents indicate the usage of "China" by dynasties to refer to themselves began earlier than previously thought.〔(Zhao 2006 ), p. 24.〕
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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